아가 4:16의 주석

Awake, wind from the north, and come, wind of the south. Since they are pleasing to me— your fragrance and the beauty of your dwellings, I command the north and south winds to blow upon your garden so that your good fragrance should spread afar. The allegory is: It refers to the ingathering of the exiles, and from all the nations they will bring them as an offering to Yerusholayim, and in the days of the rebuilding [of the Beis Hamikdosh], the [Bnei] Yisroel will be gathered there for the festivals and for the pilgrimages, and Yisroel will reply, “Let my Beloved come to His garden,” for if You are there, all are there.

Awake, O north wind: Awake O attribute of the north, that great fire which consumes the holocaust offering and the fat upon the altar.

Come, O south wind: After the attribute of the north takes its portion, the attribute of the south draws its sustenance.¹²⁹“North” is kabbalistically din, divine judgment, and “South” is ḥesed, divine love. The two of them draw forth and supply us from that spirit which overabounds in its provision and support. This is the meaning of blow upon my garden, that its perfume might flow. The spiced perfumes represent the emanation of the radiance of Wisdom with the addition of the Holy Spirit,¹³⁰Ḥokhmah and binah. drawn closer in great abundance to the Patriarchs¹³¹The intermediate sefirot: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob represent ḥesed, din, and tiferet. on account of the sacrifice.
Concerning this our sages stated allusively: “‘Awake, O north wind’—this is the holocaust offering slaughtered on the northern side of the altar. ‘Come, O south wind’—these are the whole offerings slaughtered on the southern side of the altar. ‘That its perfume might spread’: this is incense. ‘Let my beloved come to his garden’: this is the shekhinah. ‘And enjoy its luscious fruits’: these are the sacrifices.”¹³²Cant. Rabbah 4:31.

And enjoy its luscious fruits: This is the sifted flour refined of its waste matter. In accordance with this theme it is said: “An offering by fire, of pleasing odor to the Lord” [Lev. 1:17]. Our sages say in Torat Kohanim: “‘An offering’: it must be specifically for an offering.” This refers to the tenth Sefirah [the shekhinah] which ascends above to the place of its origin.¹³³Literally “an ascent for ascent.” Or “an ascent unto the Name.” “‘By fire’: for the sake of the fires.” Our master, the Hasid of blessed memory,¹³⁴The reference is to R. Isaac the Blind. explained that these are corporeal things. “‘For an aroma’: for the sake of providing an aroma”—the spiritual dimension of physical things. “‘A pleasing aroma’: in order to be pleasing (to God).” Pleasure entails the invocation of Penitence, the hidden place of His power. “‘For the Lord’: for the One who created the world.”
The intent of the sacrifice is to provide sustenance to each and every divine attribute. This was the intent of the princes of Israel when they offered twelve goats, twelve rams, twelve lambs for a burnt offering, and twelve billy goats for a sin offering when the altar was consecrated. Everything is transmuted into spirit via the sefirotic channels which number twelve. And twenty-four bullocks were offered as sacrifices of well being, corresponding to the power of the left side of divinity, the aspect of Might, which is twenty-four [ד״כ], as it is written: “I will lay carbuncles [kadkod] as your foundation stones” [Isa. 54:12]. This alludes to the twenty-four permutations of the divine name Adonai. The sacrifices of well-being constituted sixty rams, sixty billy goats, and sixty yearling lambs [Num. 7:88]. These correspond to the sixty steps, the sixty heroes [Cant. 3:7], and the three-score queens [Cant. 6:8]. The meaning of a pleasing [niḥoaḥ] aroma is that of descent, the Aramaic of descent [yarad] being naḥat. Through the sacrifice, divine spirit descends and the force of holiness unites and is drawn into close continguity within the channels. For this reason, sacrifice is designated korban. This is the meaning of “Let my beloved come to his garden and enjoy its luscious fruits.”